To view previous transcripts, check our list of recent broadcasts or select a year below to view older transcripts. Also, search recent transcripts by keyword or visit our searchable archives hosted by Quote.com.

Select a year: 2001 2002 2003 2004


Program: Monday, November 21, 2005

GM Closes Plants & Drives Out Tens Of Thousands of Workers
What's Really Fueling The Gas Price Slide
Verizon's Variety Venture
Malaysia's Prescription For Stopping The Spread of Bird Flu
"Commentary"-The President's Tax Reform Plan
"Last Word"-Yo Quiero Chihuahuas In Japan
Paul Kangas' Stocks In The News
Market Stats

11/21/05: GM Closes Plants & Drives Out Tens Of Thousands of Workers

SUSIE GHARIB: 30,000 layoffs and 12 plant closings. That`s the new road map announced by General Motors today. The massive restructuring is the automaker`s deepest round of cuts since 1991. But GM says the moves will add up to about $7 billion in savings by the end of next year and help return the company to profitability. Diane Eastabrook reports.

DIANE EASTABROOK, NIGHTLY BUSINESS REPORT CORRESPONDENT: The highly anticipated restructuring plan General Motors unveiled today will reduce its capacity by 40 percent and make it more competitive. Under the plan, GM will close plants and eliminate shifts at more than a dozen North American operations starting next year. As a result 30,000 jobs will be cut. Chairman and CEO Rick Wagoner called the restructuring tough, but needed.

RICHARD WAGONER, CHAIRMAN & CEO, GM: The decisions we are announcing today were very difficult to reach because of their impact on our employees and the communities where we live and work. But these actions are necessary for General Motors to get its cost in line with our major global competitors.

EASTABROOK: Industry watchers applauded the plan.

SCOTT SPRINZEN, AUTO ANALYST, STANDARD & POOR`S: They`re taking some steps which ultimately could help them to turn things around, but there are a lot of uncertainties too.

EASTABROOK: Analysts say the biggest uncertainty is approval from the United Auto Workers and the union appears ready for a fight. In a statement the UAW said quote, workers represented by today`s action are protected by our job security program, as well as other provisions and protections of the UAW/GM national agreement. The UAW will do everything in its power to enforce those programs, end quote. Another uncertainty is how much the restructuring will cost.

JOHN NOVAK, AUTO ANALYST, MORNINGSTAR: They`re in the process of quantifying that now. It`s likely to include non-cash items, cash items. So we`re looking for a big charge probably in the first quarter of 2006.

EASTABROOK: While Novak says the restructuring does go a long way in reducing GM`s costs, he says it does nothing to address the company`s other problems. The automaker still faces an SEC investigation into its accounting practices as well as pension and benefit liabilities at its now bankrupt spin-off Delphi Corporation. He says GM also lacks the kinds of products consumers are now buying.

NOVAK: They don`t have strong cars to fight the Camry and the Accord and some of Toyota`s and Honda`s hybrids, so really there`s a whole host of open questions on the product side and you have to wonder where the sales growth is going to come from in the future.

EASTABROOK: Still, analysts say if GM can get its cost structure in line, it can spend more time focusing on the products that will drive sales down the road. Diane Eastabrook, NIGHTLY BUSINESS REPORT, Chicago.


Nightly Business Report transcripts are available on-line post broadcast. The program is transcribed by eMediaMillWorks. Updates may be posted at a later date. The views of our guests and commentators are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. Nightly Business Report, or WPBT. Information presented on Nightly Business Report is not and should not be considered as investment advice. Copyright
(c) 2005 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Terms of use.


11/21/05: What's Really Fueling The Gas Price Slide

SUSIE GHARIB: Oil prices edged up $0.49 in New York trading today, closing at $57.70 a barrel. But that`s way down from the record high of about $70. Over the last three months, prices for crude have fallen nearly 20 percent. Suzanne Pratt takes a look at what`s behind the recent price decline and what lies ahead for oil prices.

SUZANNE PRATT, NIGHTLY BUSINESS REPORT CORRESPONDENT: If you haven`t been to the gas pump recently, now may be a good time to fill up. According to a recent survey of U.S. gas stations, retail prices plunged more than $0.18 in the last two weeks. The national average for self-serve regular is $2.24 a gallon, down from $2.43 in early November. A similar decline in crude prices is largely responsible for the drop in prices at the pump. Why are crude prices falling? Experts say better fundamentals.

ERIC BOLLING, INDEPENDENT TRADER, NY MERCANTILE EXCHANGE: There seems to be plenty of oil out there. There seems to be enough refined products out there right now to supply the market. So, there`s kind of a comfortable tone to the market.

PRATT: Just this past week crude prices on the New York Mercantile Exchange fell to a five-month low, due in part to recent increases in oil stockpiles. On top of that, temperatures in the north and northeast have been relatively warm this fall, helping to keep oil demand in check. And, experts say whether prices will remain lower in the coming months depends primarily on the weather.

BOLLING: For most of the products down here, the supply situation is pretty stable now for the year. That`s about it. It is what it is. From here going forward, it`s going to be really up to Mother Nature.

PRATT: If she gives us a brutal winter, experts say prices could easily return to the record high of $70 a barrel set in August. If it`s a mild one, the expectation is that crude will remain in the range of $50 to $60 a barrel. As for OPEC, which is scheduled to meet next month, it`s not expected to cut production.

JACK AYDIN, OIL ANALYST, KEYBANC CAPITAL MARKETS: Unless we see crude coming down below $50 and maybe they get scared, probably they will not. And I think at this point there`s no reason. The fundamentals again has not changed.

PRATT: It may be worth noting that the "Farmer`s Almanac" is predicting an unusually cold winter for the east coast, one with plenty of snow. That`s not the best forecast when it comes to oil prices. Suzanne Pratt, NIGHTLY BUSINESS REPORT, New York.

Nightly Business Report transcripts are available on-line post broadcast. The program is transcribed by eMediaMillWorks. Updates may be posted at a later date. The views of our guests and commentators are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. Nightly Business Report, or WPBT. Information presented on Nightly Business Report is not and should not be considered as investment advice. Copyright (c) 2005 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Terms of use.

11/21/05: Verizon's Variety Venture

SUSIE GHARIB: AT&T is back on the big board trading here at the New York Stock Exchange again, after it was dropped in April of last year. It was resurrected through its merger with Dow component SBC Communications and today is the first full day of business for the newly combined company. The new AT&T is now the nation`s largest communications company. For the moment, AT&T is trading under the old SBC ticker symbol. But that changes on December first, when it regains the single letter "T" symbol.

KANGAS: The traditional telephone firms aren`t just changing their names. The old so-called baby bells are transforming their businesses and competing to offer a wide range of services. Stephanie Dhue looks at Verizon`s push into video using Internet technology.

STEPHANIE DHUE, NIGHTLY BUSINESS REPORT CORRESPONDENT: Matthew Campbell buys his telephone and high speed Internet from Verizon. That puts him at the center of a battle among communication companies offering what`s known in the industry as the triple play: voice, video and data services. Last week, he started buying his television service from Verizon, too. So far, he likes it.

MATTHEW CAMPBELL, VERIZON CUSTOMER: Number one, I don`t have to have a satellite dish, also weather doesn`t interfere with the signal, everything`s on the same bill and then also the availability of high def right away.

DHUE: Verizon is test marketing video in Herndon, Virginia and Keller, Texas. AT&T also has plans to offer video service. The companies are competing with cable, satellite and Internet providers that now offer phone service. But Verizon and AT&T face huge challenges to offering video. Technology is time consuming and expensive. They have to buy content and they need franchise agreements with local governments before offering customers TV service.

TERRY DENSON, VP PROGRAMMING & MARKETING, VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS: We`d like to have the content out there, have the offering out there as quickly as we could so that customers can decide, but the franchise and the current franchising process is very difficult.

DHUE: Verizon has a statewide franchise agreement in Texas and with several municipalities. But it will be years before most customers will have the chance to buy Verizon`s TV service. The company expects to pass just three million homes with fiber by the end of the year, that`s less than 1 percent of its current customers. Still, analysts say the traditional telephone companies have few choices to grow their business.

MARIBEL LOPEZ, ANALYST, FORRESTER RESEARCH: At this point what Telco`s are looking at is an intensely competitive environment where everybody either wants to enter their business and sell their services cheaply or in fact give away their value proposition of networks and voice for free, so Telco`s really do need to find additional revenue streams.

DHUE: Verizon has spent about $2 billion this year to roll out fiber to the home. Analysts say it will be five or 10 years before the company can hope to recoup its investment. Stephanie Dhue, NIGHTLY BUSINESS REPORT, Washington.

Nightly Business Report transcripts are available on-line post broadcast. The program is transcribed by eMediaMillWorks. Updates may be posted at a later date. The views of our guests and commentators are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. Nightly Business Report, or WPBT. Information presented on Nightly Business Report is not and should not be considered as investment advice. Copyright (c) 2005 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Terms of use.

11/21/05: Malaysia's Prescription For Stopping The Spread of Bird Flu

SUSIE GHARIB: Late today the U.S. banned poultry imports from mainland British Columbia because of avian or bird flu. The Agriculture Department says a duck at a farm there has tested positive for avian flu virus, but not the form circulating in Asia. Meanwhile, in Asia, more than 60 deaths are now being blamed on bird flu and steps are being taken to slow its spread. In Malaysia, for example, quick action has contained the virus. Rian Maelzer looked at how that country is keeping the disease at bay.

RIAN MAELZER, NIGHTLY BUSINESS REPORT CORRESPONDENT: Malaysia may be bird-flu free. But it isn`t fear free.

TRANSLATION OF: MUSA MOHD, SHARIF/CHICKEN FARMER: Everybody should feel scared. It`s dangerous. It`s causing people to die. Of course I also feel scared.

MAELZER: Government veterinarians have been visiting even small farms like this one to teach what to do to help prevent bird flu. And unlike its poorer neighbors, Malaysia`s government has pledged unlimited compensation for farmers if it needs to cull birds.

FRANCIS LAU, FEDERATION OF LIVESTOCK FARMERS` ASSN.: The farmers, if there`s any mortality, the farmers will report the fatalities because there is a compensation (INAUDIBLE) price to be paid. Definitely, the farmers will let the authorities know.

MAELZER: To protect Malaysia`s one billion dollar a year poultry industry, the government has banned the import of live birds, including pet birds. Large-scale poultry farms here already maintain high levels of hygiene. And backyard poultry rearing isn`t nearly as widespread as in other parts of Southeast Asia. But in many of Malaysia`s countless markets, live chickens are slaughtered and processed in conditions just as unsanitary as in other parts of the region. It won`t be easy to curb those practices. In recent years, the government has been criticized for its slow response and lack of openness when dealing with health crises. An example was the government`s refusal to release air pollution readings even when the country was enveloped in thick smog, and the government`s handling of a mystery virus that killed dozens of pig farmers in 1999. But Malaysia`s government says it has learned from past mistakes.

DR. ISMAIL MERICAN, MINISTRY OF HEALTH: So we are not prepared to hide anything because we believe in the sanctity of giving the right information in order to avoid a calamity. We believe in that very strongly and we proved that when we handled the SARS.

MAELZER: Following the 2003 SARS outbreak, Malaysia can now rapidly deploy measures to screen for infectious diseases and isolate those who are infected. Designated state hospitals are equipped with isolation rooms that have their own air filtration systems. But in other facets of preparedness Malaysia is lagging badly. The country aims to have enough anti-viral drugs by year end to treat some 60,000 people. But that`s just 1 percent of what the World Health Organization recommends. The health ministry is vowing to stockpile much larger quantities of the drugs in the months ahead. And more measures are in the works.

MERICAN: By early next year we are going to have a simulation exercise. There`s nothing like having a simulation exercise to see how ready we are.

MAELZER: Ultimately, though, it may be what Malaysia`s closest neighbors do or fail to do, that determines whether all this country`s precautions can help avert a calamity. Rian Maelzer, NIGHTLY BUSINESS REPORT, Perak, Malaysia.

Nightly Business Report transcripts are available on-line post broadcast. The program is transcribed by eMediaMillWorks. Updates may be posted at a later date. The views of our guests and commentators are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. Nightly Business Report, or WPBT. Information presented on Nightly Business Report is not and should not be considered as investment advice. Copyright (c) 2005 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Terms of use.

11/21/05:"Commentary"-The President's Tax Reform Plan

SUSIE GHARIB: Tonight`s commentator has been mulling over the proposals made by the president`s commission on tax reform. Here`s Mark Zandi, chief economist at economy.com.

MARK ZANDI, CHIEF ECONOMIST, ECONOMY.COM: Home mortgage lenders are thwarting the Federal Reserve`s efforts to slow the runaway housing and mortgage markets. Activity in these markets is fueling broader economic growth that left unfettered will ignite underlying inflation. The Fed is diligently raising rates to ward off that possibility, but their efforts will only succeed if they induce lenders to rein in their underwriting standards. Lenders ingenuity has empowered first-time home buyers and investors to keep buying homes despite surging house prices. The explosive growth in interest-only negative am loans has become the driving force behind the housing boom. Lenders have little choice to keep pushing the credit envelope. With industries now large capacity to produce loans after years of soaring growth, all lenders must keep up with the most aggressive or risk quickly losing market share. Complicating matters for policymakers is the economy`s mounting dependence on housing. It is increasingly difficult to gauge the appropriate amount of tightening needed to cool housing and broader economic growth without undermining it. The Federal Reserve should thus gear up the machinery at its disposal. The Fed not only manages monetary policy, but it is an important banking regulator. Regulators are currently formulating new guidelines for mortgage lending. They need to be tough and their application even tougher. History strongly suggests that it is in the best of times when nothing could seemingly go wrong, then mistakes, big mistakes, are made. For the housing and mortgage markets, these are the best of times. I`m Mark Zandi.

Nightly Business Report transcripts are available on-line post broadcast. The program is transcribed by eMediaMillWorks. Updates may be posted at a later date. The views of our guests and commentators are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. Nightly Business Report, or WPBT. Information presented on Nightly Business Report is not and should not be considered as investment advice. Copyright (c) 2005 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Terms of use.

11/21/05: "Last Word"-Yo Quiero Chihuahuas In Japan

SUSIE GHARIB: And finally , when a loan company in Japan started running television ads featuring a cute little Chihuahua, the campaign morphed into a huge hit, maybe too huge. So strong is demand for Chihuahuas now that prices are soaring. In some cases price tags run more than $2,000. And Japanese pet owners are now reporting a spate of thefts of the pampered pooches from houses and condominiums across the country. Because there`s no system to record their origins, the loveable lapdogs are easier to sell than stolen jewelry. And Paul, the Japanese love their pets, as you probably can imagine. And in fact, the number of household dogs and cats now exceeds the number of children in Japan.

KANGAS: Sounds like Japan has the leading market in the world for hot dogs.

GHARIB: Yes, it sounds like that.

Nightly Business Report transcripts are available on-line post broadcast. The program is transcribed by eMediaMillWorks. Updates may be posted at a later date. The views of our guests and commentators are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. Nightly Business Report, or WPBT. Information presented on Nightly Business Report is not and should not be considered as investment advice. Copyright (c) 2005 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Terms of use.

11/21/05: "Paul Kangas' Stocks In The News"

PAUL KANGAS: That GM restructuring raised hopes for a turnaround, giving the blue chips a boost this morning. So did big aircraft orders at Boeing, a 0.9 percent rise in October`s leading economic indicators and a brokerage upgrade on American Express stock. So at 11:00 a.m., the Dow was up 32 points while NASDAQ was up six. Adding to the market`s upturn this afternoon were solid earnings from Campbell`s Soup and just a mild upturn in oil prices.

The Dow industrial average closed up almost 54 points at 10,820.28. The NASDAQ Composite was up 14.60 at 2241.67. Standard & Poor`s 500 index gained 6 1/2 points, closing at 1254.85. Over in the bond market, the 10- year note rose 8/32 to par and 9/32, putting the yield at 4.47 percent.

Big board volume leader was General Electric (GE) moving up $1.09. I believe that this is the last week`s most active, last Friday`s not today`s. The volume leader today on the big board was actually Liberty Media (L) which dropped $0.04 to $7.69 and it traded 25.7 million shares.

Second in volume was GE (GE) which rose $0.45 to close at $36.20. Of course as we reported last week, GE announced a dividend increase to $0.25 quarterly and a $25 billion stock buyback.

General Motors (GM) was in the active list and down $0.47 at the close, but it traded as high as $24.94 during the session, then faded a bit.

And tenth in big board volume was Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). The company`s flash memory unit called Spansion is going to go public between $16 and $17 a share.

I think we`re still lacking the proper graphics, but American Express (AXP) - there we go -- American Express moved up $0.99. UBS financial upgraded it from "neutral" to an outright "buy."

Then came Boeing (BA) itself with a rise of $2.05. The company received over $16 billion in orders for a variety of its aircraft models, a nice day for Boeing and of course that helped the Dow Industrial Average.

Computer Sciences (CSC) a major loser down $6.47. Lockheed Martin and three private equity firms abandoned talks to acquire CSC. Lockheed stock incidentally on that news moved up $1.21 to $61.17 a share.

Then we see Medicis Pharmaceuticals (MRX) up $3.82. The company has rejected Mentor`s stock buyout bid and remains committed to its merger with Inamed.

Inamed (IMDC) stock was up $0.02 and I think we have a board showing those Inamad with a $0.02 gain and then Mentor Corp (MNT) itself plunged $4.79 on the news.

And Allergan (AGN), which is also bidding for Inamed was down $0.65 on the day, closing at $99.60.

Nike (NKE) fell $1.26. First quarter, oop, let`s make it JPMorgan did a downgrade from "overweight" to "neutral."

Now we`ll get to first quarter earnings on Campbell Soup co (CPB) which was up $1.27. First quarter earnings $0.58, nicely above last year`s $0.54 and $0.02 better than the Street expected and those figures do exclude one-time items incidentally.

Mattel (MAT) was up $0.44 a share. The company`s going to boost its annual dividend from $0.45 to $0.50 a share and also is increasing its stock buyback plan by $250 million.

Pep Boys (PBY) up $1.40. Barrington Partners has purchased a 1.3 percent stake in the firm and is calling for a management shake up.

Now we see Google (GOOG) topping the active list on NASDAQ today and guess what, a new high again, closed at $409.36 a share. That was up $9.15 and the news is that UBS financial brokerage boosted its price target on Google from $430 to $500 a share.

Also in the active list on NASDAQ was Sandisk (SNDK) tumbling $9.36 a share to $46.84. That`s a negative reaction to news of a joint venture between Intel (INTC) and Micron Technology (MU) for a firm which will make flash memory chips, direct competition. Intel incidentally was down a nickel on that news and Micron Technology moved up $0.02 a share.

Elsewhere on NASDAQ we have Alamosa Holdings (APCS) up $2.09 at $18.35. There you see it. This is a company that`s involved in wireless voice and data products and Sprint Nextel will acquire the company for $18.75 a share in cash.

And over on the American exchange, Metretek Technologies (MEK) up $1.84, a mere 45 percent move up. The company`s PowerSecure subsidiary has gotten verbal orders for up to $45 million in new generation projects.

And those are the stocks in the news tonight.

 

Nightly Business Report transcripts are available on-line post broadcast. The program is transcribed by eMediaMillWorks. Updates may be posted at a later date. The views of our guests and commentators are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. Nightly Business Report, or WPBT. Information presented on Nightly Business Report is not and should not be considered as investment advice. Copyright (c) 2005 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Terms of use.

11/21/05: Market Stats


	                              NET    PERCENT
CLOSE CHANGE CHANGE DOW CLOSE 10820.28 +53.95 + .5 HIGH 10835.33 LOW 10761.05 NASDAQ COMP. 2241.67 +14.60 +.7 HIGH 2242.30 LOW 2219.25 VOLUME 1,555.7 PREVIOUS 1,806.6 UP VOLUME 1,042.9 DOWN VOLUME 493.9 DOW TRANSPORTS 4156.48 +15.79 + .4 DOW UTILITIES 397.69 +1.23 + .3 CLOSING TICK +488 S&P 500 1254.85 +6.58 + .5 S&P 100 577.15 +2.46 + .4 MIDCAP 400 735.07 +6.17 + .9 REUTERS/CRB 313.63 +.89 + .3 NYSE COMPOSITE 7676.64 +42.06 + .6 VALUE LINE 411.37 +3.20 + .8 RUSSELL 2000 678.96 +6.74 + 1.0 DJW 5000 12570.44 +75.33 + .6 U.S. TREASURIES 5-YEAR NOTE 4.50% Nov. 15,2010 100 15/32 +4/32 4.40 10-YEAR NOTE 4.50% Nov. 15,2015 100 9/32 +8/32 4.47 30-YEAR NOTE 5.375% Feb. 15, 2031 110 16/32 +12/32 4.66 LEHMAN BROS. LONG BOND INDEX 1750.97 -.11 DOW CLOSE 10820.28 +53.95 + .5 ADVANCES 2083 DECLINES 1238 NEW HIGHS 197 NEW LOWS 129 NET PERCENT NYSE MOST ACTIVES 4PM CLOSE CHANGE CHANGE L Liberty Media 7.69 -.04 -.5 GE GE 36.20 +.45 +1.3 LU Lucent Tech 2.91 +.07 +2.5 TWX Time Warner 18.09 +.06 +.3 GM GM 23.58 -.47 -2.0 F Ford Motor Co 8.32 -.09 -1.1 PFE Pfizer 21.74 +.14 +.7 SBC AT&T 24.37 -.01 -.0 XOM Exxon Mobil 59.37 +1.12 +1.9 AMD Advanced Micro 27.04 +.30 +1.1 NASDAQ CLOSE 2241.67 + 14.60 + .7 VOLUME 1,717.6 PREVIOUS 2,060.9 ADVANCES 1892 DECLINES 1160 NASDAQ ACTIVES GOOG Google 409.36 +9.15 +2.3 SNDK SanDisk 46.84 -9.36 -16.7 MSFT Microsoft 28.16 +.09 +.3 AAPL Apple Computer 64.96 +.40 +.6 YHOO Yahoo! 42.27 +.73 +1.8 EBAY eBay 46.19 +1.52 +3.4 CSCO Cisco Systems 17.06 +.04 +.2 AMZN Amazon.com 47.99 +.01 +.0 INTC Intel 25.25 -.05 -.2 DELL Dell 30.04 +.19 +.6 AMEX CLOSE 1715.45 + 13.13 + .8 INDEX SHARES DIA DIAMONDS TRUST 108.16 +.63 +.6 QQQ NASDAQ 100 41.55 +.10 +.2 SPY S&P DEP.RECEIPTS 125.76 +.63 +.5 STOCKS IN THE NEWS AXP American Express 50.90 +.99 +2.0 BA Boeing Co 69.00 +2.05 +3.1 CSC Computer Science 48.38 -6.47 -11.8 MRX Medicis Pharm 31.57 +3.82 +13.8 IMDC Inamed 83.33 +.02 +.0 MNT Mentor 51.35 -4.79 -8.5 AGN Allergan 99.60 -.65 -.7 NKE Nike Inc 86.44 -1.26 -1.4 CPB Campbell Soup Co 30.97 +1.27 +4.3 MAT Mattel Inc 15.61 +.44 +2.9 PBY Pep Boys 14.50 +1.40 +10.7 APCS Alamosa Holdings 18.35 +2.09 +12.9 MEK Metretek Tech 5.89 +1.84 +45.4

 

 

 

 

<%dobanner 11,1901%>

 

 

NBR appreciates the support of its national underwriters -- A.G. Edwards, Inc. and Franklin Templeton Investments. The program is produced by NBR Enterprises/WPBT2 and distributed by PBS.

   

 

Copyright © 2005 Community Television Foundation of South Florida, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Terms of use
Click here to contact NBR.